Asthma Symptoms and Treatment
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MEDICAL ANIMATION TRANSCRIPT: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that obstructs airflow in and out of the bronchial tubes. Normally, as the diaphragm contracts and relaxes, air moves freely in and out of the trachea and bronchi to the bronchioles and then to the alveoli, where gas exchange takes place. During this process, carbon dioxide will diffuse out of the bloodstream into the alveolus, while oxygen will diffuse from the alveolus into the bloodstream. Smooth muscle in the bronchial walls is controlled by the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic stimulation relaxes smooth muscle and produces bronchodilation when the air is warm, moist, and free of irritants. Parasympathetic stimulation contracts smooth muscle and produces bronchoconstriction when the air is cold, dry, or contains irritants. People with asthma have chronically inflamed and swollen airways that are hyperreactive to irritants that can trigger an asthma attack. Asthma triggers include outdoor irritants and alle
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